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Dollar, American. --- Foreign exchange. --- United States --- Foreign economic relations.

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"What the fight over whose image should appear on the $20 bill reveals about America's reckoning with racism, past and present. Black Movements Matter. So do the symbols that represent them. In a positive step toward greater diversity in official symbolism, on April 20, 2016, then Treasury Secretary Jack Lew announced that the image of Harriet Tubman would replace that of Andrew Jackson on the face of the US twenty-dollar bill. Reflecting on the year-long public response regarding which American should replace Jackson on the twenty, Lew stated, "Our currency will now tell more of our story and reflect the contributions of women as well as men to our great democracy." Several years later, however, the decision to enshrine Harriet Tubman on US currency was obfuscated and quietly put on the shelf by the Trump administration. When Biden won the White House, it was again announced that Tubman would replace Jackson. In $20 and Change, African American scholar Clarence Lusane offers a searing examination of what the fight to replace Andrew Jackson's face with Harriet Tubman's on the front of twenty-dollar bill reveals about race, class, and social justice in America today. Weaving together history and political analysis, Lusane gives voice to the millions of Americans who mobilized for the Tubman twenty becoming a part of the long legacy of people of color and women challenging symbols of patriarchy, racism, and white supremacy. He also discusses the movement that emerged in outrage over the killing of George Floyd, arrested for allegedly passing a counterfeit $20 bill. Lusane argues that while Andrew Jackson's image represents a flawed vision of democracy that tolerates white supremacy, Harriett Tubman's represents the demand for gender equity, racial justice, and the struggle of working people for social inclusion and economic fairness--radical democracy. With insight and urgency, Lusane explains why such a democracy matters, and how national symbols in support of social justice serve to unify and strengthen us as a people"--

Paper money design --- Dollar, American --- African Americans in numismatics --- Politics in numismatics --- Racism --- History. --- History. --- United States --- Race relations.

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Defense establishments and the armed forces they organize, train, equip, and deploy depend upon the security of capital and capital flows, mechanisms that have become increasingly globalized. Military capabilities are thus closely tied not only to the size of the economic base from which they are drawn, but also to the viability of global convertibility and exchange arrangements. Although the general public has a stake in these economic matters, the interests and interpretive understandings held by policy elites matter most-in particular those among the owners or managers of capital who focus

Dollar, American -- History. --- Foreign exchange -- Europe -- History. --- Foreign exchange -- United States -- History. --- Monetary policy -- Europe -- History. --- Monetary policy -- United States -- History. --- National security -- Economic aspects -- Europe -- History. --- National security -- Economic aspects -- United States -- History. --- National security --- Foreign exchange --- Monetary policy --- Dollar, American --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- History --- Economic aspects --- Cambistry --- Currency exchange --- Exchange, Foreign --- Foreign currency --- Foreign exchange problem --- Foreign money --- Forex --- FX (Finance) --- International exchange --- International finance --- Currency crises --- National security policy --- NSP (National security policy) --- Security policy, National --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Military policy --- American dollar --- Money --- Government policy --- United States --- Dollar [American] --- Europe

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Monetary rivalry is a fact of life in the world economy. Intense competition between international currencies like the US dollar, Europe's euro, and the Chinese yuan is profoundly political, going to the heart of the global balance of power. But what exactly is the relationship between currency and power, and what does it portend for the geopolitical standing of the United States, Europe, and China? Popular opinion holds that the days of the dollar, long the world's dominant currency, are numbered. By contrast, Currency Power argues that the current monetary rivalry still greatly favors America's greenback. Benjamin Cohen shows why neither the euro nor the yuan will supplant the dollar at the top of the global currency hierarchy.Cohen presents an innovative analysis of currency power and emphasizes the importance of separating out the various roles that international money might have. After systematically exploring the links between currency internationalization and state power, Cohen turns to the state of play among today's top currencies. The greenback, he contends, is the "indispensable currency"-the one that the world can't do without. Only the dollar is backed by all the economic and political resources that make a currency powerful. Meanwhile, the euro is severely handicapped by structural defects in the design of its governance mechanisms, and the yuan suffers from various practical limitations in both finance and politics.Contrary to today's growing opinion, Currency Power demonstrates that the dollar will continue to be the leading global currency for some time to come.

Money --- Dollar, American. --- Euro. --- Renminbi. --- CNY (Money) --- Ren min bi --- RMB (Money) --- Yuan (Money) --- American dollar --- Currency --- Monetary question --- Money, Primitive --- Specie --- Standard of value --- Exchange --- Finance --- Value --- Banks and banking --- Coinage --- Currency question --- Gold --- Silver --- Silver question --- Wealth --- Political aspects. --- International finance --- Dollar, American --- Euro --- Renminbi --- Political aspects --- E-books --- International finance. --- Monetary policy. --- Yen, Japanese. --- Japanese yen --- Monetary management --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- International monetary system --- International money --- International economic relations

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Theoretical and empirical analysis of de jure dollarization.With the persistent instability of international financial markets, emerging economies are exploring new ways to reduce exposure to capital flow volatility. Some analysts argue that financially open economies are best served by more flexible regimes, while others argue in favor of extreme exchange rate regimes that have a strong commitment to a fixed parity or dispense with an independent currency. The successful launch of the euro has made more realistic the prospect of replacing a national currency with a strong foreign one. Recent examples include the adoption of the US dollar by Ecuador and El Salvador.The introduction of a foreign currency as sole legal tender, termed full (de jure) dollarization, has been the center of much political and academic debate. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the issues from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. The topics discussed include the role of balance sheet effects, the linkage between currency risk and country risk, the impact of dollarization on trade, financial integration and credibility, the implications of dollarization for the lender of last resort, and the institutional and political economy aspects of dollarization.

Money. --- Dollar, American. --- Foreign exchange. --- Currency question. --- International finance. --- Dollarization --- Dollar, American --- Foreign exchange --- Currency question --- International finance --- Finance --- Business & Economics --- Money --- International monetary system --- International money --- Fiat money --- Free coinage --- Monetary question --- Scrip --- Cambistry --- Currency exchange --- Exchange, Foreign --- Foreign currency --- Foreign exchange problem --- Foreign money --- Forex --- FX (Finance) --- International exchange --- American dollar --- Currency --- Money, Primitive --- Specie --- Standard of value --- International economic relations --- Currency crises --- Finance, Public --- Legal tender --- Monetary policy --- Exchange --- Value --- Banks and banking --- Coinage --- Gold --- Silver --- Silver question --- Wealth --- Dollarization. --- ECONOMICS/Finance --- ECONOMICS/Political Economy